Tet Offensive free essay sample

The Johnson administration employed a policy of minimum candor† in its dealings with the media. Military information officers sought to manage media coverage by emphasizing stories that portrayed progress in the war. Over time, this policy damaged the public trust in official pronouncements. As the medias coverage of the war and that of the Pentagon diverged, a so-called credibility gap developed. In November 1967 Westmoreland spearheaded a public relations drive for the Johnson administration to bolster flagging public support. In a speech before the National Press Club he said that a point in the war had been reached where the end comes into view. Thus, the public was shocked and confused when Westmorelands predictions were trumped by Tet. The American media, which had been largely supportive of U. S. efforts, rounded on the Johnson administration for what had become an increasing credibility gap. Despite its military failure, the Tet Offensive became a political victory and ended the career of President Lyndon B. Johnson, who declined to run for re-election. Johnsons approval rating slumped from 48 to 36 percent. As James Witz noted, Tet contradicted the claims of progress made by the Johnson administration and the military. The Tet Offensive was the turning point in Americas involvement in the Vietnam War. It had a profound impact on domestic support for the conflict. The Conflict at Home Some advocates within the peace movement advocated a unilateral withdrawal of U. S. forces from Vietnam. One reason given for the withdrawal is that it would contribute to a lessening of tensions in the region and thus less human bloodshed. Early opposition to U. S. involvement in Vietnam was centered around the Geneva conference of 1954. American support of Diem in refusing elections was thought to be thwarting the very democracy that America claimed to be supporting. John Kennedy, while Senator, opposed involvement in Vietnam. Opposition to the Vietnam War tended to unite groups opposed to U. S. anti-communism, imperialism and colonialism and, for those involved with the New Left such as the Catholic Worker Movement, capitalism itself. Others, such as Stephen Spiro opposed the war based on the theory of Just War. Some wanted to show solidarity with the people of Vietnam, such as Norman Morrison emulating the actions of Thich Qu? ng D? c. Some critics of U. S. withdrawal predicted that it would not contribute to peace but rather vastly increase bloodshed. These critics advocated U. S. forces remain until all threats from the Viet Cong and North Vietnamese Army had been eliminated. Advocates of U. S. withdrawal were generally known as doves, and they called their opponents hawks, following nomenclature dating back to the War of 1812. High-profile opposition to the Vietnam War turned to street protests in an effort to turn U. S. political opinion. On 15 October 1969, the Vietnam Moratorium attracted millions of Americans. The fatal shooting of four students at Kent State University led to nation-wide university protests. Riots broke out at the 1968 Democratic National Convention. After explosive news reports of American military abuses, such as the 1968 My Lai Massacre, brought new attention and support to the anti-war movement, some veterans joined Vietnam Veterans Against the War. Anti-war protests ended with the final withdrawal of troops after the Paris Peace Accords were signed in 1973. South Vietnam was left to defend itself alone when the fighting resumed. Many South Vietnamese subsequently fled to the United States. Nixon Expands the War The invasion of Cambodia sparked nationwide U. S. protests. Four students were killed by National Guardsmen at Kent State University during a protest in Ohio, which provoked public outrage in the United States. The reaction to the incident by the Nixon administration was seen as callous and indifferent, providing additional impetus for the anti-war movement. Vietnamization Severe communist losses during the Tet Offensive allowed U. S. President Richard Nixon to begin troop withdrawals. His plan, called the Nixon Doctrine, was to build up the ARVN, so that they could take over the defense of South Vietnam. The policy became known as Vietnamization. Vietnamization had much in common with the policies of the Kennedy administration. One important difference, however, remained. While Kennedy insisted that the South Vietnamese fight the war themselves, he attempted to limit the scope of the conflict. Vietnamization was a policy of the Richard M. Nixon administration during the Vietnam War, as a result of the Viet Congs Tet Offensive, to expand, equip, and train South Vietnams forces and assign to them an ever-increasing combat role, at the same time steadily reducing the number of U. S. combat troops. This referred to U. S. combat troops specifically in the ground combat role, but did not reject combat by U. S. air forces, as well as the support to South Vietnam, consistent with the policies of U. S. foreign military assistance organizations. U. S. citizens? mistrust of their government that had begun after the offensive worsened with the release of news about U. S. soldiers massacring civilians at My Lai (1969), the invasion of Cambodia (1970), and the leaking of the Pentagon Papers (1971). After Nixons election in 1968, Vietnamization became the policy of the United States. While it was a deliberate policy, the name was rather accidental. At a January 28, 1969, meeting of the National Security Council, GEN Andrew Goodpaster, deputy to GEN Creighton Abrams, commander of the Military Assistance Command, Vietnam, said the Army of the Republic of Viet Nam (ARVN) had been steadily improving, and the point at which the war could be de-Americanized was close. Melvin Laird, the Secretary of Defense, agreed with the point, but not with the language: what we need is a term like Vietnamizing to put the emphasis on the right issues. Nixon immediately liked Lairds word. Vietnamization fit into the broader Nixon Administration detente policy, in which the United States no longer regarded its fundamental strategy as containment of Communism, but a cooperative world order in which Nixon and his chief adviser Henry Kissinger were basically realists in world affairs, interested in the broader constellation of forces, and the biggest powers. Nixon had ordered Kissinger to negotiate basic U. S. -Soviet policy between the heads of state via Kissinger and Dobrynin, with the agreements then transferred to diplomats for implementation. In like manner, Nixon opened high-level contact with China. U. S. relations with the Soviet Union and China were seen as far more important than the fate of South Vietnam, which certainly did not preclude South Vietnam maintaining its own independence. Nixon said Vietnamization had two components. The first was strengthening the armed force of the South Vietnamese in numbers, equipment, leadership and combat skills. The second component is the extension of the pacification program in South Vietnam. The first was achievable, but it would take time. For the U. S. , it was trivial to have a U. S. helicopter pilot fly in support, but helicopter operations were too much part of ground operations to involve U. S. personnel. As observed by LTG Dave Palmer, to qualify an ARVN candidate for U. S. elicopter school, he first needed months of English language training to be able to follow the months-long training, and then additional field time to become proficient. In other words, adding new capabilities to the ARVN would often take two or more years. Palmer did not disagree that the first component, given time and resources, was achievable. Pacification, the second component, presented the real challenge it was benevolent government action in areas where the government should always ha ve been benevolently active doing both was necessary if Vietnamization were to work.

Roles and Responsibilities free essay sample

The size of the governing body ranges from minimum of 9 to a maximum of 20 schools. There are categories of governors including parent governors who are elected by other parents although the governing body can appoint if sufficient parents stand. Staff governors the head teacher is a member by virtue of their office. Both teaching and support staff are eligible for staff governorship and are elected by the school staff, volunteers at the school are ineligible. Local education authority governors are appointed by the local authority. Community governors are appointed by the governing body to represent community interests. Community governors can be people who live or work in the community served by the school. Foundation and partnership governors are appointed by schools founding body, church or other organisations named in the schools instruments of government. If the school has a religious character the foundation governors must preserve this. If the school has no foundation or equivalent body, the foundation governors are replaced by partnership governors appointed by the governing body after a nominations process. Sponsor governors are appointed by the governing body it is at the governing body’s discretion whether they choose to appoint sponsor governors or not. The governing can appoint 2 people as sponsor governors or up to 4 where the school is a secondary school. Associate members can be appointed to serve on one or more governing body committees and attend full governing body meetings. Pupils, school staff and people who want to contribute specifically on issues related to their area of expertise can be appointed as associate members, They are appointed for a period of between one and four years but are not governors. School governors will make regular visits to oversee the delivery of their scheduled subject, report to the curriculum sub-committee and to the full governing body. B) The head teacher has overall responsibility for the leadership and management of the school, should ensure the school is well managed, organised, providing leadership and direction. Support teachers and other staff, ensuring appropriate policies and procedures are in place. Ensuring good relationships are fostered within the whole school community. The deputy head plays a major role in managing the school and has responsibility for the school in the absence of the head teacher, responsible for a curriculum area and/or specific aspect of management. The deputy head may have a reduced teaching commitment with no overall class responsibilities or they could have a teaching commitment and responsible for a class. Some schools may have an assistant head teacher to support the head and deputy head teacher with the management of the school. Key stage co-ordinator lead and manage either key stage 1-2 in primary schools or key stage 3-4 in secondary schools, they also have a teaching commitment with class responsibility. C) Special education needs co-ordinator (SENCO) responsible for the day-to-day provision for pupils with SEN, ensuring the implementations of the SEN code of practice and provide professional guidance on SEN. Designated senior person for child protection will take lead responsibility for dealing with child protection issues, provide advise and support to other staff, liaise with the authorities, work with other organisations as necessary referring concerns about issues to local authority children’s social care, providing information for police investigations and/or enquiries under section 47 of the children Act 1989. The delegated person responsible for health and safety in school will assist in the implementation, monitoring and development of the health and safety policy within the school. Co-ordinate arrangements for the design and implementations of safe working practices within the school for the dissemination of information and instruction of employees, pupils, students and visitors on safety matters and to make recommendations on the extent to which staff are trained. Identify and investigate any specific health and safety problems within the school and take or recommend actions to be taken. D) The teacher will be responsible for planning and preparation for meeting the needs of all pupils, setting and marking work, assessing, recording and reporting on the development, progress and attainment of pupils. Promoting the wellbeing of individual pupils while maintaining good order and discipline among the pupils and safeguard their health and safety. E) Support staff have non-teaching tasks such as collecting money, chasing absences ‘ teachers will inform the relevant member of staff when students are absent from lessons or school’, bulk photocopying, copy typing and produce standard letters ‘ teachers may be required to contribute as appropriate in formulating the content of standard letters’ also involved in producing class lists, record keeping and filling, classroom displays, analyzing attendance, processing exam results, ordering supplies and equipment, stock checking, seeking and giving advice, invigilating examinations. Teaching assistant may read and clarify textbooks for a pupil, read to individual pupils or small groups. Interacting with children to aid in their development, observe/record a pupils progress during activities, report problems and successes to their teacher, contributing to the planning and review meetings about pupils.

Guidelines For Conducting a Sample Scholarship Essay

Guidelines For Conducting a Sample Scholarship EssayWriting a good sample scholarship essay is the first step to a rewarding career. To ensure that your scholarship essay is both grammatically and creatively correct, you should be sure to learn as much as you can about the format of scholarship essays. While there are many scholarships available, scholarships are not all written in the same format and don't all need to have the same content.Like most writing courses, this one will teach you some tips on how to write a scholarship essay, and of course they will teach you tips on how to compose the body of the essay. Scholarship essays need to be short and simple, so the tips for writing sample scholarship essay questions are easier to follow than tips for composing a long-winded essay. Most of the tips are general rules of thumb, but some are more specific, such as 'make sure your assignment is clear, concise, and organized'.When you study the sample scholarship essay questions, you w ill learn that the instructions should be followed to the letter. If you do not follow the instructions carefully, it can be difficult to compose a good essay. The instructions will instruct you on where and how to add in the appropriate details.The instructions for sample scholarship essay questions will also tell you that you should provide any supplemental information that is necessary to the main topic. This could be a list of papers that were read, or information that was mentioned during the reading of the essay. Any additional details you add will make the essay a complete project. Many of the instructions do not allow for any embellishments, but you can still add in personal information if you think that the text needs it.It will also be important to note that sample scholarship essay questions are not limited to technical subjects. You will be expected to include a lot of information in the essay on people and personal interests. It is the intent of the questions to get you thinking about some of the personal information you will be including in the essay.Writing sample scholarship essay questions about other people will help you see how to write about yourself as well. After all, you will be creating an essay about yourself. Sometimes it can be difficult to think about your own experiences and feelings. The suggestions for writing sample scholarship questions will teach you how to insert in these thoughts.The guidelines for writing sample scholarship essay questions are fairly simple. However, even the rules for essay writing can be sometimes complicated. In addition, there are those who go to college and others who go to grad school for higher education. There are even some for who do not need to go to college.To be able to write a scholarship essay correctly, you must know the rules and guidelines for writing sample essay questions. At this point, you can easily ask for advice from the teacher or counselor. Additionally, the guidance counselor or r eading instructor can be able to give you the tips that you need to make your scholarship essay a better essay. Therefore, it is extremely important to get a grasp on the instructions on how to compose the essay.

World Religions Chapter 10 Flashcard

World Religions: Chapter 10

Free Essays on The Affects Of Ethnocentrism

The Affects of Ethnocentrism: ETHNOCENTRISM – HOW IT AFFECTS INDIVIDUALS, SOCIETIES, AND MUTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS Abstract In sociology â€Å"ethnocentrism† is a widely used word to explain human behavior between different cultural entities or by definition as â€Å"the practice of judging another culture by the standards of one’s own culture†. Since multinational corporations can be characterized by high levels of interaction between individuals from diverse cultures, I think the affects of ethnocentrism is worth being considered. Especially, individual ethnocentrism might shape and influence the relation between multinational corporations and their cultures. This paper will address the deeper issues involved in ethnocentrism by answering the questions. What is it? Why are people ethnocentric? What is the problem or affect? And will identify the different areas of corporate strategy formulation which are assumed to be influenced by ethnocentrism. ETHNOCENTRISM – HOW IT AFFECTS INDIVIDUALS, SOCIETIES, AND MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS Watching a show on cable television (food network channel) called the â€Å"Iron Chef† in this episode a Japanese Chef was pitted against a French Chef in France the competition seem tense, the judges waited, commenting on the action, finally the end came and the creations were sit in front of the judges. There were four judges, two French and two Japanese. The two French judges give the French Chef very high marks and the Japanese Chef extremely low marks. The Japanese judges scored the competition fairly even giving slightly higher marks to the Japanese Chef. Based on the high scores from the French judges the French Chef was crowned the champion. The above comments is one example of ethnocentrism the French judges believed that only the French could prepare French cuisine and judged the Japanese Chef based on preconceived cultural ideas. In this sense, ethnocentrism could be defin... Free Essays on The Affects Of Ethnocentrism Free Essays on The Affects Of Ethnocentrism The Affects of Ethnocentrism: ETHNOCENTRISM – HOW IT AFFECTS INDIVIDUALS, SOCIETIES, AND MUTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS Abstract In sociology â€Å"ethnocentrism† is a widely used word to explain human behavior between different cultural entities or by definition as â€Å"the practice of judging another culture by the standards of one’s own culture†. Since multinational corporations can be characterized by high levels of interaction between individuals from diverse cultures, I think the affects of ethnocentrism is worth being considered. Especially, individual ethnocentrism might shape and influence the relation between multinational corporations and their cultures. This paper will address the deeper issues involved in ethnocentrism by answering the questions. What is it? Why are people ethnocentric? What is the problem or affect? And will identify the different areas of corporate strategy formulation which are assumed to be influenced by ethnocentrism. ETHNOCENTRISM – HOW IT AFFECTS INDIVIDUALS, SOCIETIES, AND MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS Watching a show on cable television (food network channel) called the â€Å"Iron Chef† in this episode a Japanese Chef was pitted against a French Chef in France the competition seem tense, the judges waited, commenting on the action, finally the end came and the creations were sit in front of the judges. There were four judges, two French and two Japanese. The two French judges give the French Chef very high marks and the Japanese Chef extremely low marks. The Japanese judges scored the competition fairly even giving slightly higher marks to the Japanese Chef. Based on the high scores from the French judges the French Chef was crowned the champion. The above comments is one example of ethnocentrism the French judges believed that only the French could prepare French cuisine and judged the Japanese Chef based on preconceived cultural ideas. In this sense, ethnocentrism could be defin...

What you think of the subprime crisis and how it impacts todays Essay

What you think of the subprime crisis and how it impacts todays economy - Essay Example In obvious circumstances, the lenders mortgaged the loan security to other investors in various esoteric combinations. The adverse effects of the subprime crisis lead to hike in interest rates, which forces the Fed to raise rates to combat inflation, which has to be incurred by the common man. Economies of developing countries classified as emerging markets, are still seen by developed country fund managers as risky propositions. So the flight to safety will see some funds pull out of developing countries. This could lead to a stock markets slide in these economies, loss of confidence and slowdown of the real economy. The other source of disruption is construction-led slowdown in the US. This could hit developing economies that export a lot to the US. The subprime crisis also places downward pressure on economic growth, because fewer or more expensive loans decrease investment by businesses and consumer spending, which drive the economy. A separate but related dynamic is the downturn in the housing market, where a surplus inventory of homes has resulted in a significant decline in new home construction and housing prices in many areas. This also places downward pressure on growth. Crisis has caused panic in financial markets and encouraged investors to take their money out of risky mortgage bonds and shaky equities and put it into commodities as "stores of value". Most of the recent increases in global food prices have been the result of speculation and the collapse in the value of the US dollar which is now at Indian Rupees 38.62 per dollar. This crisis has an immense effect on the national stock markets, where the fluctuations in the market prices and shares of the corporations do create an element of doubt in the stakeholders mind and thus leading to kiosk among them. The market value chips down and which tends the financial institutions to come forward and ask for their loans

Module 1 and Module 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Module 1 and Module 2 - Essay Example he assumptions that things must be done differently or new things done which at the end of the day drive to learning (Berthoin, Ariane, & Katrin, 1997). The first topic, changing the consulting story, generally talks about the consulting role and postulates that consulting is about experts giving advice and further states that any time one is asked to help and do not have direct responsibility for the outcome, then that is consulting. The two most popular categorizations that distinguish the different types of the roles of consultants is content vs. process and the directive/non-directive continuum. While the roles of the content focused consultants involve the provision of expertise advise and delivering specific service for the client organization which could be like designing a new system for the organization, process consulting on the other hand has been basically associated with the different activities by the consultant that seek to help the client perceive, understand and act upon the process events occurring in the environment of the client (Berthoin, Ariane, & Katrin, 1997). The recent past has however seen the emergence of a trend towards the recognition of the complementarity of content and process consulting thus making consultants to find it necessary to acquire skills on both modes. As postulated by the author in the topic, it is true that the consulting profession is not a regulated industry and that consulting projects are as a results not publicly scrutinized. This could lead to potential for abuse especially when opportunistic snake-oil salespeople operate alongside highly reputable professionals. The author goes further to suggest that from the perspective it would be prudent that clients exercise due diligence whenever seeking the help of consultants. However, numerous studies on the consultancy profession has postulated that the profession just like the other professions have evolved as a result of government regulations. This arises from the